НАГРАДИ

специални награди

Diploma for the best club Varadinum Foto Club (Romania)
Medal Salon PSW Fotum for the best salon author Michael Strapec (Ireland)
FIAP Best author Michael Strapec (Ирландия)
НАГРАДИ

PORTRAIT [PIDC]

цял екран
СНИМКИ
1884 получени снимки
502 приети снимки · 27%
УЧАСТНИЦИ
478 пристигнали участници
239 приети участници · 50%
IAAP Gold Medal Arkadiusz Kikulski (Полша) · Fanka Roxie
IAAP Silver Medal Michael Strapec (Ирландия) · Nadia
IAAP Bronze Medal Dawid Grzeganek (Полша) · Fiancee
IAAP Ribbon Bruno Madeddu (Италия) · Ritratto di Simone
IAAP Ribbon Joe Aichner (Германия) · 3 Times
IAAP Ribbon Ovidiu Gabor (Румъния) · Natalia
FIAP Gold Medal Josef Bosak (Чехия) · jajka
FIAP Silver Medal Marius Bodea (Румъния) · Face plate
FIAP Bronze Medal Harry Daemen (Люксембург) · Angula
FIAP Blue Ribbon Morgan O'Neill (Ирландия) · YOUNG GIRL READING
FIAP Blue Ribbon Csilla Bolvari (Унгария) · Panic
FIAP Blue Ribbon Janos Eifert (Унгария) · Painful portrait
FIAP Blue Ribbon Agnieszka Matras-Wolińska (Полша) · Baron
FIAP Blue Ribbon Boštjan Banfi (Словения) · Berlin
FIAP Blue Ribbon Marina Krstic (Северна Македония) · Do you see me
PSA Gold Medal Luc Stalmans (Белгия) · La Duchesse Déchue
PSA Silver Medal Marian Plaino (Румъния) · Mirror mirror on the wall
PSA Bronze Medal Aleksandar Budjevac (Сърбия) · fields
PSA Honorable Mention Agnieszka Pazdykiewicz (Полша) · Kaja
PSA Honorable Mention Nicole Dittus (Германия) · Leonie
PSA Honorable Mention Marcin Fiń (Полша) · Marta 2
GPU Gold Medal Benny Rytter (Дания) · Into my eyes
GPU Silver Medal Slobodan Cavic (Сърбия) · From today to tomorrow
GPU Bronze Medal Milena Erceg (Босна и Херцеговина) · Natalija
GPU Ribbon Alfredo Ingino (Италия) · Jmmy
GPU Ribbon Vincenzo Di Panfilo (Италия) · Occhi
GPU Ribbon Istvan Kerekes (Унгария) · Wild look
GPU Ribbon Danlei Ye (Канада) · Tribal people37
GPU Ribbon Zsigmond Báthori (Румъния) · INNOCENCE
GPU Ribbon Przemysław Piwowar (Полша) · Conversation
NATIONAL Gold Medal Ovi D Pop (Румъния) · Foxey lady 02
NATIONAL Silver Medal Botond Nagy (Румъния) · Why Time Flies so Fast
NATIONAL Bronze Medal Huub Bink (Нидерландия) · Guardian Angel ft M Moree
SALON Diploma Jovica Panic (Босна и Херцеговина) · A time to remember
SALON Diploma Isolde Stein (Германия) · Madonna
SALON Diploma Michał Krawiec (Полша) · "I że Cię nie opuszczę..."
  • IAAP Gold Medal
  • IAAP Silver Medal
  • IAAP Bronze Medal
  • IAAP Ribbon
  • IAAP Ribbon
  • IAAP Ribbon
  • FIAP Gold Medal
  • FIAP Silver Medal
  • FIAP Bronze Medal
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • PSA Gold Medal
  • PSA Silver Medal
  • PSA Bronze Medal
  • PSA Honorable Mention
  • PSA Honorable Mention
  • PSA Honorable Mention
  • GPU Gold Medal
  • GPU Silver Medal
  • GPU Bronze Medal
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • NATIONAL Gold Medal
  • NATIONAL Silver Medal
  • NATIONAL Bronze Medal
  • SALON Diploma
  • SALON Diploma
  • SALON Diploma
НАГРАДИ

OPEN Color [PIDC]

цял екран
СНИМКИ
1997 получени снимки
564 приети снимки · 28%
УЧАСТНИЦИ
502 пристигнали участници
278 приети участници · 55%
IAAP Gold Medal Radicanin Zvonko (Хърватия) · Where Now
IAAP Silver Medal Kazi Golam Quddus Helal (Бангладеш) · GARBAGE PICKERS
IAAP Bronze Medal Fadhel Almutaghawi (Бахрейн) · Few steps away
IAAP Ribbon Vincent Scothern (Англия) · Buachaille Etive Mor
IAAP Ribbon Suresh Bangera (Индия) · cleaning india
IAAP Ribbon Ching Ching Chan (Хонконг) · Struggle for Own Space
FIAP Gold Medal Michael Strapec (Ирландия) · Polina
FIAP Silver Medal Jon Knutsen (Норвегия) · White Pelican
FIAP Bronze Medal Jan Siemiński (Полша) · Winter Baltic
FIAP Blue Ribbon Miklos Tassi (Унгария) · Fallen angel
FIAP Blue Ribbon Sebastian Kuczyński (Полша) · Happy 1
FIAP Blue Ribbon Mauro Agnesoni (Италия) · Fisherman
FIAP Blue Ribbon Janos Eifert (Унгария) · Light shifts the Shadow
FIAP Blue Ribbon Iwona Nabzdyk (Полша) · still life with physalis and dandelions
FIAP Blue Ribbon Lorenzo Di Candia (Италия) · POOL
PSA Gold Medal Manfred Kluger (Германия) · flower power-2
PSA Silver Medal Terri Adcock (Англия) · Bellowing Red Deer Stag
PSA Bronze Medal Sayan Sarkar (Индия) · Touch Me
PSA Honorable Mention Ildiko Fischbackne Horvath (Унгария) · In gate
PSA Honorable Mention Le Huu Thiet (Виетнам) · Feeding
PSA Honorable Mention Eion Johnston (Шотландия) · Modest triangle
GPU Gold Medal Mrinal Sen (Индия) · Buzzard in Action
GPU Silver Medal Bob Chiu (Съединени американски щати) · Life in Ethiopia42
GPU Bronze Medal Leonid Goldin (Израел) · Beirao liquor
GPU Ribbon Tomasz Okoniewski (Полша) · morning breath
GPU Ribbon Sergey Pisarenko (Русия) · Sight
GPU Ribbon Dominika Koszowska (Полша) · Like leaves
GPU Ribbon Hung Kam Yuen (Австралия) · Golden ripples 5
GPU Ribbon Martin Fry (Обединено кралство Великобритания и Северна Ирланд) · Wave on Wave
GPU Ribbon Dario Riva (Италия) · Morning cleaning
NATIONAL Gold Medal Isolde Stein (Германия) · red
NATIONAL Silver Medal Eugenio Fieni (Италия) · Nenet Children 20.16
NATIONAL Bronze Medal Pasquale Amoruso (Италия) · Lago Basilice
SALON Diploma Pascalis Bennedict (Индонезия) · Hover Feed
SALON Diploma Hla Moe Naing (Мианмар) · Sun exposure
SALON Diploma Arun Mohanraj (Англия) · DISABLED SWIMMER
  • IAAP Gold Medal
  • IAAP Silver Medal
  • IAAP Bronze Medal
  • IAAP Ribbon
  • IAAP Ribbon
  • IAAP Ribbon
  • FIAP Gold Medal
  • FIAP Silver Medal
  • FIAP Bronze Medal
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • PSA Gold Medal
  • PSA Silver Medal
  • PSA Bronze Medal
  • PSA Honorable Mention
  • PSA Honorable Mention
  • PSA Honorable Mention
  • GPU Gold Medal
  • GPU Silver Medal
  • GPU Bronze Medal
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • NATIONAL Gold Medal
  • NATIONAL Silver Medal
  • NATIONAL Bronze Medal
  • SALON Diploma
  • SALON Diploma
  • SALON Diploma
НАГРАДИ

OPEN Monochrome [PIDM]

цял екран
СНИМКИ
1981 получени снимки
545 приети снимки · 28%
УЧАСТНИЦИ
500 пристигнали участници
287 приети участници · 57%
IAAP Gold Medal Joydeep Deb (Индия) · THE LAST LEAF
IAAP Silver Medal Josef Bosak (Чехия) · The hospital in Karabagh
IAAP Bronze Medal Heinz Peks (Германия) · Junge 5l
IAAP Ribbon Janine Ball (Англия) · Rising Tide
IAAP Ribbon Bartłomiej Bara (Полша) · Konik Polski 2
IAAP Ribbon Ryszard Lomnicki (Ирландия) · Fanad Head Lighthouse 1
FIAP Gold Medal Marian Plaino (Румъния) · Ballerina
FIAP Silver Medal Boštjan Banfi (Словения) · Berlin Babylon
FIAP Bronze Medal Eion Johnston (Шотландия) · Pushback one
FIAP Blue Ribbon Harry Daemen (Люксембург) · Jovanna
FIAP Blue Ribbon Jasmina Gorjanski (Хърватия) · Cross the river
FIAP Blue Ribbon Tove Hamre (Норвегия) · Mona Lisa
FIAP Blue Ribbon Lee Eng Tan (Сингапур) · Viet white lady frame
FIAP Blue Ribbon Zlatko Balentic (Хърватия) · Workers 2
FIAP Blue Ribbon Daniel Lybert (Нидерландия) · Jong olifantje 2 in ZwW
PSA Gold Medal Luis Leandro Serrano (Испания) · Final sprint
PSA Silver Medal Jiri Sneider (Чехия) · Market
PSA Bronze Medal Sayan Sarkar (Индия) · No Mans Land
PSA Honorable Mention Tibor Torok (Унгария) · Thoughts
PSA Honorable Mention Hedva Boger (Израел) · Deliberation
PSA Honorable Mention Nenad Borojevic (Сърбия) · Lonely 4
GPU Gold Medal Slobodan Cavic (Сърбия) · The burden of life
GPU Silver Medal Jui-Ching Tai (Република Китай) · earthquake
GPU Bronze Medal Marcel van Balken (Нидерландия) · Eyeshape
GPU Ribbon Csilla Bolvari (Унгария) · Passing throughs
GPU Ribbon Alfons Wolf (Германия) · Lenny Kravitz
GPU Ribbon Esther Epstein (Израел) · Coffee shop
GPU Ribbon Ian English (Австралия) · The Phone Call
GPU Ribbon Yen-hsin Miao (Република Китай) · Looking back on the road
GPU Ribbon OuFei Zhao (Китай) · dance
NATIONAL Gold Medal Ha Phi Thi Thu (Виетнам) · Plain Prinia
NATIONAL Silver Medal Cezary Dubiel (Полша) · Splash
NATIONAL Bronze Medal Agnieszka Pazdykiewicz (Полша) · Nowa fryzura
SALON Diploma Arun Mohanraj (Англия) · CLOSE
SALON Diploma Kyle Tallett (Обединено кралство Великобритания и Северна Ирланд) · Waiting for a sinner
SALON Diploma JR Schnelzer (Съединени американски щати) · Swept Away
  • IAAP Gold Medal
  • IAAP Silver Medal
  • IAAP Bronze Medal
  • IAAP Ribbon
  • IAAP Ribbon
  • IAAP Ribbon
  • FIAP Gold Medal
  • FIAP Silver Medal
  • FIAP Bronze Medal
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • FIAP Blue Ribbon
  • PSA Gold Medal
  • PSA Silver Medal
  • PSA Bronze Medal
  • PSA Honorable Mention
  • PSA Honorable Mention
  • PSA Honorable Mention
  • GPU Gold Medal
  • GPU Silver Medal
  • GPU Bronze Medal
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • GPU Ribbon
  • NATIONAL Gold Medal
  • NATIONAL Silver Medal
  • NATIONAL Bronze Medal
  • SALON Diploma
  • SALON Diploma
  • SALON Diploma

ПРАВИЛА

ОРГАНИЗАТОР
Photographic Society of Wojnicz Fotum
СЕКЦИИ
Salon is divided into 3 sections:

A) PORTRAIT Color / Monochrome - PSA PID Color
B) OPEN Color - PSA PID Color
C) OPEN Monochrome - PSA PID Monochrome

Each participant can send up to four digital photos in each category. An entrant's four images will be distributed throughout four rounds of judging in that section. The same image must not be submitted in more than one section.
КАЛЕНДАР
Opening date: 01.06.2020
Closing date: 25.10.2020
Judging: 31.10.2020 - 08.11.2020
Notification: 13.11.2020
Sending of catalogs and awards: 31.01.2021

PUBLIC PRESENTATION AND AWARD CEREMONY: Wojnicz, Poland 19.12.2020
ПЛАЩАНЕ
Entry fee is mandatory for all participants and is:
World Wide: 17€ or 19$ for all three sections, only by PAYPAL
Poland: 75 PLN for all three sections, by PAYPAL or bank transfer
PAYPAL: [email protected]
IBAN: PL 12 1050 1722 1000 0090 3046 4599
The works of the authors who did not pay the fee would be rejected.
УЧАСТИЕ
The salon is open to amateur and professional photographers from all over the world and all ages; however, an entry may be rejected when the sponsoring organization, or its agent, in its reasonable discretion, believes the entry does not conform to salon rules and conditions. Entries must originate as photographs (image-captures of objects via light sensitivity) made by the entrant on photographic emulsion or acquired digitally. By virtue of submitting an entry, the entrant certifies the work as his own and the exhibition assumes no liability for any misuse of copyright. All parts of the image have to be photographed by the author who is holding the copyright of all works submitted. The salon will be conducted in accordance to the requirements and practices of FIAP, IAAP, GPU, PSA, FRP.

The organizer can use the exhibited works for reproduction in the catalogue and for promotion without paying any author's fee. By submitting an entry to the contest the entrant permits the organizers to reproduce all or part of the entered material free of charge for publication in
a catalogue, on internet and/or in other media related to the salon.
ПОДАВАНЕ
Authors must fill out online entry form and upload photo online: http://salon.fotum.org

• no title or identification of the maker shall be written anywhere on the face of an image,
• required image size 1920 pixels in width or 1080 pixels in height, images will be judging using the EIZO ColorEdge CS2420 monitor at a resolution of 1920 x 1080 pixels so the size of the photo can not be larger than the resolution of the monitor to avoid its deformation,
• file must be saved in JPEG format, RGB mode (not CMYK), the resolution should be 300 dpi, compression between 8 and 10 (file size max 3Mb),
• each photo must have a unique name (eg "sunrise.jpg") entered after adding it to the competition website during registration in the field directly below the photo.
ЖУРИ
Dorota Kycia EFIAP, AFRP, EsFIAP
Dariusz Kobylański AFIAP, Vice President TTF
Krzysztof Stós EFIAP, PSW Fotum Vice President for Artistic Planning
НАГРАДИ
• FIAP: Gold, Silver, Bronze medals, six ribbons in each section,Blue Badge for the best author
• PSA: Gold, Silver, Bronze medals, three ribbons in each section
• FRP: Gold, Silver, Bronze medals in each section
• IAAP: Gold, Silver, Bronze medals, three ribbonsin each section
• GPU: Gold, Silver, Bronze medals, six ribbons in each section
• Organizer distinction, three salon diplomas in each category,
• Medal Salon PSW Fotum for the best salon author,
• Diploma for the best club.
ДЕФИНИЦИИ
FIAP Procedure

"With the sole act of submitting his/her images or files to a salon under FIAP Patronage, the entrant accepts without exception and with no objection that the submitted images can be investigated by FIAP to establish if these obey to FIAP regulations and definitions even if the entrant is not a member of FIAP; that FIAP will use any means at its disposal for this undertaking; that any refusal to cooperate with FIAP or any refusal to submit the original files as captured by the camera, or failure to provide sufficient evidence, will be sanctioned by FIAP and that in case of sanctions following the non compliance with FIAP regulations, the name of the entrant will be released in any form useful to inform the breaches of the rules. It is recommended to leave the EXIF data in the submitted files intact in order to ease eventual investigations.”

Open Color definition
Any image that satisfies the general rules may be submitted in the Open section. Any subject, theme or technique is eligible.

Open Monochrome definition by FIAP
A black and white work fitting from the very dark grey (black) to the very clear grey (white) is a monochrome work with the various shades of grey. A black and white work toned entirely in a single color will remain
a monochrome work able to stand in the black and white category; such a work can be reproduced in black and white in the catalogue of a salon under FIAP Patronage. On the other hand a black and white work modified by
a partial toning or by the addition of one color becomes a color work (polychrome) to stand in the color category; such a work requires color reproduction in the catalogue of a salon under FIAP Patronage.

PSA Definitions

Monochrome: An image is considered to be Monochrome only if it gives the impression of having no color (i.e. contains only shades of gray which can include pure black and pure white) OR it gives the impression of being a greyscale image that has been toned in one color across the entire image. (For example by Sepia, red, gold, etc.) A greyscale or multi-colored image modified or giving the impression of having been modified by partial toning, multi-toning or by the inclusion of spot coloring does not meet the definition of monochrome and shall be classified as a Color Work.
Monochrome images may be entered in PID Color sections but if accepted will only be eligible towards PID Color Star Ratings.

The exhibition is open to anyone; however, an entry may be rejected when the sponsoring organization or its agent, in its reasonable discretion, believes the entry does not conform to the exhibition rules and conditions.
An entrant’s images will not be presented to the judges consecutively. An entrant’s four images will be distributed throughout four rounds of judging in that section. Distribution of images shall be in the same round order as submitted by the entrant.
Entries must originate as photographs (image-captures of objects via light sensitivity) made by the entrant on photographic emulsion or acquired digitally. By virtue of submitting an entry, the entrant certifies the work as his own (aliases are not permitted). The entrant permits the sponsors to reproduce all or part of the entered material free of charge for publication and/or display in media related to the exhibition. This may include low resolution posting on a website. Note: Entrants who indicate that their images may not be reproduced or used “will not be eligible for awards” or inclusion in audio-visuals of the exhibition “and could be subject to disqualification” by the exhibition sponsors.
The exhibition assumes no liability of any misuse of copyright. Images may be altered, either electronically or otherwise, by the maker. Artwork or computer graphics created by the entrant may be incorporated provided the photographic content predominates, subject to Nature, Photo Travel and Photojournalism divisional restrictions. All final work must be on photographic film, or on electronic file, or on photographic or electronic print material, mounting excepted
No title or identification of the maker shall be visible anywhere on the face of an image, print mat or mount entered in a PSA Recognized exhibition.
Each image must have a unique title. Once an image has been accepted in a PSA Recognized exhibition, that same image, or a like “in camera” or a “reproduction” duplicate of that image.
i. may not be entered or re-entered in any section of the same Division Star Ratings class in that exhibition regardless of media, format, or title.
ii. may not be re-titled for entry in any other PSA Recognized exhibition, including translation into another language.
iii. images meeting the Monochrome Definition and non-manipulated color images from the same capture shall be considered the same image and must be given the same title.
iv. PSA members working on Galaxy and Diamond Star Ratings shall be allowed to continue using different titles of monochrome versions and color versions of the same capture that have already been accepted until the required number of acceptances for those titles have been completed.
Words such as “Untitled” and “No Title” are not acceptable as part or all of an image’s title, nor are camera capture filenames.
An image may be entered in only one section where acceptances of that image in multiple sections would be eligible for the same star path

If, at any time, it is determined in the reasonable discretion of the exhibition organizer or the judges before, during, or after the judging of an exhibition that an entrant has submitted entries where one or more images may fail to comply with these Conditions of Entry, including the stated definitions, the exhibition organizers reserve the right to delete the entry from the exhibition and void any or all acceptances or awards in connection with the exhibition. Fees may be forfeited or refunded in these circumstances. The entrant acknowledges that the decision of the exhibition organizers or the judges is final
In order to ensure that images comply with the Conditions of Entry and definitions, the exhibition organizers may carry out reasonable measures to verify that:
a) the images are the original work of the entrant and
b) the images comply with the rules and definitions as set out in these Conditions of Entry
These steps include, but are not limited to, questioning any entrant, requiring the submission of RAW files or other digital files representing the original capture of the submitted image(s), confronting the entrant with evidence that one or more submitted images fails to comply with the Conditions of Entry (also known as Entry Rules), and offering the entrant a reasonable opportunity to provide counter evidence to refute the exhibition organizer’s evidence by a set deadline. Such entries that are not cleared or are still questionable after the entrant has presented evidence may be considered in breach of these Conditions of Entry, and declined. Such entries may be referred to PSA for further investigation of possible ethics violations
PSA retains the right to investigate in any way all complaints/suspicions of breaches of entry conditions, impose sanctions if deemed necessary, void the acceptances of any image found to violate the PSA rules, include the entrant’s name on the list of sanctions provided to Exhibitions, and share such investigations with FIAP. Entrants automatically agree to these terms by the act of entering the Exhibition and agree to cooperate with any investigation.
If another party is submitting images on the entrant’s behalf, the entrant will still be held responsible for adhering to these Conditions of Entry (Entry Rules) and will be subject to sanction for any violations to these Conditions of Entry and PSA’s Statement of Ethics that may result

DATA PROTECTION
By entering this exhibition, you are explicitly consenting to the personal details you have supplied, including email addresses, being held, processed and used by the exhibition organizers for purposes associated with this exhibition. You also explicitly consent to such information being sent to organizations that have accorded official recognition, patronage or accreditation to this exhibition. You acknowledge and accept that entering this exhibition means that the status and results of your entry may be made public.

NOTICE: When an entrant fills in the Entry Form to submit an entry the entrant will see a feature to affirm he or she has read these Conditions of Entry when he or she fills out the entry form. If the entrant does not so affirm the entry will not be submitted

Drone Policy:
The Board approved a new policy on the use of drones and it is available here
https://psaphoto.org/index.php?psa-policies&a=view&faq_id=1632. The policy has a legal section which
basically requires members to follow whatever laws exist in the country in which they are using a drone. There is
also an ethical component to the policy and it states : One of the tenets of photography, is that the safety and
well-being of the subject, photographer and surroundings is of paramount importance over the capturing of the
photograph. The purpose of this section is to prevent any interference with other individuals or animals which
will or may cause a disturbance in their normal activity or disrupt the way an individual or animal interacts with
its environment.
1. May not fly a drone above people for the purpose of photographing their activity, unless permission is granted
in writing
2. May not fly or photograph animals in their natural habitat, especially nesting areas and locations where the
animal is already under stress (winter survival, migratory feeding, protecting young). Photographing
scenery/landscapes is permissible.
3. May not fly or photograph in any designated wilderness area.
ИЗВЕСТИЕ И КАТАЛОГ
All entrants will be sent printed catalogue to the address provided during registration on the competition website. All participants will receive report card notifications via e-mail. The results of the exhibition will be published on the website: http://salon.fotum.org
IMPORTANT: the participant will receive an emails from the address: [email protected]
For efficient communication, make sure that the ANTI-SPAM filter does not block messages from the above address.
КОНТАКТ
Maciej Babiarz
e-mail: [email protected]
КАЛЕНДАР
последен ден 25.10.2020 г.
ден за журиране 8.11.2020 г.
ден за уведомяване 13.11.2020 г.
доставка на каталог 31.01.2021 г.
ПРЕГЛЕД
участници 506
снимки 5862
държави 65
плащане 17 EUR
НАГРАДИ
награди 111
медали 46
дипломи 64
специални награди 3
БРОЙ НА ПАТРОНАЖ
IAAP 2020/115
FIAP 2020/416
PSA 2020-432
GPU L200129
NATIONAL 287/2020
CLUB 010/2020
СЕКЦИИ
Portrait 4 снимки
Open Color 4 снимки
Open Monochrome 4 снимки
ЖУРИ
DK
Poland
DK
KS